New paper: TMS targeting using MRI-free head modeling

Yishai Valter, Dennis Q. Truong, Yushi Kawasumi.  Marom Bikson. Abhishek Datta. TMS targeting using MRI-free head modeling. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Volume 5100188 December 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transm.2025.100188 PDF

Abstract: Methods to determine coil position are paramount in TMS. Existing approaches are limited to scalp heuristics or depend on some combination of neuronavigation hardware, average brain templates, as well as subject MRI and/or evoked responses. We developed head-model guided TMS targeting without subject MRI, specialized hardware, or evoked responses. The MRI-free approach involves three scalp measurements, akin to Beam-F3, which are then used to generate an individualized head model by applying an affine transformation to the MNI standard head model. Target localization is then performed on this individualized head model for any TMS scalp target. The coil position is then provided to the operator in simple geodesic measurements. This process was simulated on MRI data of fourteen subjects showing a mean error of 4.92 mm from an MRI-based target.